The upcoming 2026 Census in Australia presents a unique challenge: accurately capturing the nation's 'ghost population' of fly-in fly-out (FIFO) workers, particularly in regional mining communities. This issue is not just a statistical quirk but has profound implications for these areas' future development and funding.
The FIFO Phenomenon
In cities like Kalgoorlie-Boulder, the rise of FIFO work practices has been nothing short of transformative. With over half a million passenger movements annually, the local airport now rivals those in major cities. Mayor Glenn Wilson, a vocal advocate for change, highlights the strain this boom places on infrastructure and services.
Historical Context
Kalgoorlie-Boulder's population has seen a steady increase since its early days, with the 2021 Census recording a figure of 29,306, a notable jump from the estimated 19,605 in 1911. Today, gold mining employs a significant 20% of the population.
The Impact on Infrastructure
The FIFO workforce is not just a statistical anomaly; it directly affects the daily lives of residents and the capacity of local infrastructure. Daiva Gillam, CEO of Regional Development Australia's Pilbara, provides a stark example: the Shire of East Pilbara's wastewater treatment plant, unable to cope with the combined load of residents and FIFO workers, requires a $50 million upgrade.
A Matter of Identity and Funding
For FIFO workers like Robert Powell, the census presents a dilemma. Despite spending more time in Port Hedland, he considers Perth his primary residence. He argues for a more nuanced approach, suggesting additional census questions to better capture this unique workforce.
The Census' Perspective
Emily Walter, a census spokesperson, acknowledges the challenge, comparing FIFO workers to seasonal farm workers. The ABS has implemented a dedicated strategy, coordinating with mine sites to ensure accurate data collection. The concept of 'usual residence', defined as a place where one resides for more than six months a year, is key to understanding this demographic.
The Psychological Angle
Cheryl Yam, an organisational psychiatrist, adds a fascinating perspective. For many FIFO workers, the question of residence is not just about physical location but a deeper sense of belonging. The remote camp may be where they stay, but home is often where their hearts are.
The Way Forward
As we await the 2026 Census results, scheduled for release in 2027, the challenge of accurately capturing the FIFO workforce remains. It's a complex issue, requiring a delicate balance between statistical accuracy and the human need for a sense of home and belonging.
